VOUTLOOK

Open shortest path first (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol that is used to find the best path between the source and the destination router using its own shortest path first (SPF) algorithm. A link-state routing protocol is a protocol that uses the concept of triggered updates, i.e., if there is a change observed in the learned routing table then the updates are triggered only, not like the distance-vector routing protocol where the routing table is exchanged at a period of time.  Open shortest path first (OSPF) is developed by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as one of the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), i.e., the protocol which aims at moving the packet within a large autonomous system or routing domain. It is a network layer protocol that works on protocol number 89 and uses AD value 110. OSPF uses multicast address 224.0.0.5 for normal communication and 224.0.0.6 for update to designated router(DR)/Backup Designated Router (BDR).  Criteria –  To form neig...

Cisco router runs on an operating system called the IOS (Internetwork Operating System).To enable the administrator to retrieve information and change the device’s settings. One of the most powerful command in IOS is Show. To know All Show Commands in Cisco Switch and Router keep reading this article till the end. All these commands retrieve information in the Cisco switch and router. These are followings: Cisco Router Show Commands S.No. Cisco IOS Show Command Displays statistics for all interfaces 1 R1#show interfaces Displays statistics for all interfaces 2 R1#show interface fa0/0 Displays statistics of fa0/0 interface. You may use other interfaces also. 3 R1#show ip interface brief Displays a summary of all IPv4 interfaces, including status and IPv4 address assigned in router  4 R1#show ipv6 interface brief Displays a summary of all IPv6 interfaces, including status and IPv6 address assigned in router  5 R1#show controllers serial 1/0 Displays stati...

. SUBNETTING   Q1. Your router has the following IP address on Ethernet0: 172.16.2.1/23. Which of the following can be the valid host IDs on the LAN interface attached to the router? 1.172.16.1.100 2.172.16.1.198 3. 172.16.2.255 4. 172.16.3.0 (A) 1 Only (B) 2 and 3 Both (c) 3 and 4 Both (D) None of the above Click here for Show answer/ Hide answer Answer : (c) 3 and 4 Both Q2. Which of the two statements describes the IP address 10.16.3.65/23? 1.The subnet address is 10.16.3.0 255.255.254.0. 2.The lowest host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.1 255.255.254.0. 3.The last valid host address in the subnet is 10.16.2.254 255.255.254.0. ...